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中央空调知识
中央空调常见故障与解决方法
1、机器露点温度正常或偏低，室内降温慢产生原因及解决方法
① 送风量小于设计值，换气次数少，请检查风机型号是否符合设计要求，叶轮转向是否正确，皮带是否松弛，开大送风阀门，消除风量不足因素。
② 有二次回风的系统，二次回风量过大，请调节，降低二次回风风量。
③ 空调系统房间多、风量分配不均，请调节，使各房间风量分配均匀。
2、系统实测风量大于设计风量产生原因及解决方法
① 系统的实际阻力小于设计阻力，风机的风量因而增大，有条件时可以改变风机的转数。
② 设计时选用风机容量偏大，请关小风量调节阀，降低风量
3、 统实测风量小于设计风量产生原因及解决方法
① 系统的实际阻力大于设计阻力，风机风量减小，条件允许时，改进风管构件，减少系统阻力。 ② 系统有阻塞现象，请检查清理系统中可能的阻塞物。
③ 系统漏风，应堵漏。
④ 风机达不到设计能力或叶轮旋转方向不对，皮带打滑等，检查、排除影响风机出力的因素。 4、室内噪音大于设计要求产生原因及解决方法
① 风机噪音高于额定值，请测定风机噪音，检查风机叶轮是否碰壳，轴承是否损坏，减震是否良好，对症处理。
② 风管及阀门、风口风速过大，产生气流噪声，请调节各种阀门、风口，降低过高风速。
③ 风管系统消声设备不完善，请增加消声弯头等设备。
5、系统总送风量与总进风量不符，差值较大产生原因及解决方法
① 风量测量方法与计算不正确，请复查测量与计算数据。
② 系统漏风或气流短路，请检查堵漏，消除短路。
6、室内气流速度分布不均有死角产生原因及解决方法
① 气流组织设计考虑不周，应根据实测气流分布图，调整送风口位置或增加送风口数量。
② 送风口风量未调节均匀，不符合设计值，应调节各送风口风量使与设计要求相符 什么是空调机的制冷量和冷负荷？
空调机的制冷量是指空气通过蒸发器、表面冷却器、喷水室后被降温所需的冷量。 空调冷负荷是指空调房间为维持一定温、湿度参数，排除室内余热、余湿所需的冷量。
在稳定的工况下，空调机的制冷量等于空调冷负荷，送风管道冷量损失和排风的冷量损失之和。 什么是露点温度？什么叫机器露点温度？
在空气所含水气量（含湿量）不变的情况下，通过冷却降温而达到饱和状态时的温度称为露点温度。空气在露点温度下，相对湿度达100%，此时干球温度、湿球温度、饱和温度及露点温度为同一温度值。
在空气调节技术中，当空气通过冷却器或喷淋室时，有一部分直接与管壁或冷冻水接触而达到饱和，结出露水，但还有相当达的部分空气未直接接触冷源，虽然也经过热交换而降温，但他们的相对温度却处在90~95%左右，这时的状态温度称为机器露点温度。 什么叫空调、空调基数和空调精度？ 空调是空气调节的简称，是使室内空气温度、湿、清洁度和气流速度（简称四度）保持在一定范围内的一项环境工程技术，他满足生活舒适和生产工艺两大类的要求。
空调基数－-指空调房间所要求的基准温度和相对湿度。
空调精度－-指空调房间的X区域内空气的温度，相对湿度在要求的连续时间内允许的波动幅度。
凡是△t在1℃以上的空调系统叫一般精度的空调，一般精度的空调系统可以通过手动来控制。 当△t=±1℃的空调系统宜做成自动控制。
当△t小于1℃的空调系统叫高精度空调系统，应采用自动控制 空调系统按空气处理设备的集中程度为几类？
集中式空调系统－-所有的空气处理设备全部集中在空调机房内，根据送风的特点，它又分为单风道系统，双风道系统和变风量。
半集中式空调系统－-除了安置在集中的空调机房内空调处理设备之外，还有分散在空调房间内的空气处理末端设备，如风机盘管等设备。
局部式空调系统或全分散空调系统－-即空调机组（又称空调器），这种机组的冷热源、空气处理设备，风机和自动控制元件，全部集中在一个箱体内。 空调环境的舒适条件
根据X标准《采暖通风与空气调节设计规范》，舒适性的室内标准为：
夏季： 温 度： 24-28°C 相对温度： 40-65% 风 速： 0.3m/s
冬季： 温 度： 18-22°C 相对温度： 40-60% 风 速： 0.2m/s
舒适性参数是通过人体感觉测试得到的。要想达到舒适条件，必须在设计中考虑好送风条件（温度、风量等）和风口设计（位置和风速等），尤其是风速条件。上述舒适标准的风速是整个高宽截面上的抽象速，应使人体处于主要是回风的空调区。
大家对壁挂和柜机的冷冲击有印象，那是因为空调风速大，人体处于风的混合区，此时空调相当于一台冷风扇，大部分情况，人体感到冷而不感觉舒适。人体调节器官承受很大的负荷，时间较长会使人体调节功能紊乱，产生感冒甚至空调病。因此有空调不宜常开，睡觉时不开空调等说法，而这实际上是因为普通空调功能不够或安装位置不合理。使用空调应以人为本，空调安装之前就应设计好，使家居大部分处于舒适的环境条件下，目前的壁挂和柜机受到布置安装、功能等方面的限制，在大多数的情况下，只是一个冷源，远未起到舒适空调的作用。Central air conditioning recycling scrap Xiamen, Xiamen, central air conditioning recovery, recycling scrap central air conditioning 13606035861 Xiamen Xin water supplies recycling management company; central air conditioning recovery, recycling lithium bromide air conditioning, Mitsubishi air conditioning recovery Mitsubishi, Hitachi, Hitachi air conditioning recovery, recycling York Carrier air conditioning, Carrier air conditioning recovery, Daikin water-cooled Guiji, lithium bromide units, high recycle used Shuangliang, Carrier, a cold Shanghai Shanghai, one cold, Sanyo, ambitious, and often to other brands of 10 million kcal -300 million kilocalories of lithium bromide chiller steam engine, direct gas turbine, hot water, screw machine, piston machine.
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Knowledge of central air conditioning
Central air conditioning faults and solutions
1, apparatus dew point temperature is normal or low, slow room temperature causes and solutions
① air flow than the design value, a small number of ventilators, fan model, check whether the design requirements, the correct steering wheel, the belt is loose, open a large air valves, insufficient to eliminate the wind factor.
② The secondary return air system, the second return air excessive, adjust, reduce the amount of the second return air damper.
③ multi room air conditioning system, uneven distribution of air flow, adjust, so that uniform distribution of air volume in each room.
2, the system measured the amount of air volume in the design of wind causes and solutions
① resistance less than the actual design of the system resistance, which increases the fan''s air flow, conditions can change the fan rpm.
② design larger selection of fan capacity, close the small air volume control valve, reducing air flow
3, the measured air volume system design air volume is less than the causes and solutions
① resistance is greater than the actual design of the system resistance, fan flow decreases, conditions permitting, the improvement of air duct components and reduce system resistance. ② system obstruction, check clearing system, the possible obstruction.
③ system air leakage should be plugging.
④ less than the design capacity or fan impeller rotating in the wrong direction, belts slip and so on, check and remove the factors that affect the fan output. 4, the interior noise causes greater than the design requirements and solutions
① fan noise than ratings, please measured fan noise, check the fan impeller touch shell bearing is damaged, shock absorption is good, symptomatic treatment.
② wind pipe and valve, air velocity is too large, resulting in airflow noise, adjust the valves, outlet, reducing the excessively high wind speeds.
③ air duct system equipment, inadequate silencer, increase muffler elbow and other equipment.
5, the system total air volume and total air flow into the match, the larger the difference between cause and solution
① air volume measurement and calculation is not correct, please review the measurement and calculation data.
② air leakage or air short-circuit the system, check the plugging and eliminate short-circuit.
6, the indoor air velocity distribution does not have a dead Causes and Solutions
① airflow design ill-considered, should be based on actual air distribution to adjust outlet outlet location or increase the quantity.
② adjust outlet air flow is not uniform, does not meet the design values, should be adjusted so that the outlet air flow in line with the design requirements for what is the cooling capacity of air conditioners and cooling load?
Air conditioner cooling capacity is the air through the evaporator, the surface cooler, water cooling chamber after the desired cooling capacity. Cooling load is air-conditioned room to maintain a certain temperature and humidity parameters, excluding interior heat, I wet the required cooling capacity.
In a stable condition, the air conditioner cooling capacity equal to the cooling load, air supply pipe cooling loss and exhaust loss and cooling capacity. What is the dew point temperature? What is the dew point temperature of the machine?
The water volume in the air (moisture content) remain unchanged, while the saturation temperature by cooling when the temperature is called the dew point temperature. Air dew point temperature, relative humidity of 100%, when the dry bulb temperature, wet bulb temperature, saturation temperature and dew point temperature is the same temperature.
In the air-conditioning technology, when the air through the cooler or spray room, some direct contact with the wall or chilled water saturated bear dew, but there are a considerable part of the cold air source is not in direct contact, although heat exchange and cooling has also been, but they are in the relative temperature of about 90 ~ 95%, when the state machine called the dew point temperature. What is air conditioning, air base and air conditioning accuracy? Air-conditioned air-conditioning is referred to, is to make the indoor air temperature, humidity, cleanliness and air speed (referred to as four degrees) to keep within a certain range of an environmental engineering,
He and production processes to meet the comfort requirements of two categories.
Air base - is the basis required by air-conditioned room temperature and relative humidity.
Air conditioning Accuracy - refers to the effective area air-conditioned room air temperature, relative humidity within the required time to allow continuous fluctuations.
Where more than 1 ℃ △ t in the air conditioning system called the general accuracy of the air-conditioning, general accuracy of the air conditioning system can be manually controlled. When △ t = ± 1 ℃ in the air-conditioning system should be made of automatic control.
When △ t is less than 1 ℃ in the air conditioning system called precision air-conditioning system, automatic air conditioning system should be adopted by the concentration of air handling equipment for the several categories?
Central air conditioning systems - all of the air handling equipment are all located within the air-conditioned room, according to the characteristics of air, it is divided into single duct system, dual-duct system and variable air volume.
Semi-centralized air conditioning system - in addition to placement in a centralized air-conditioning air handling equipment within the room, there are also scattered in the air-conditioned room air handling terminal equipment, such as fan coil units and other equipment.
Local air conditioning system or air conditioning system wide dispersion - the air conditioning unit (also known as air conditioners), this unit of heat sources, air handling equipment, fans, and automatic control device, all in one cabinets. The comfortable air-conditioned environment conditions
According to the national standard "heating, ventilation and air conditioning design specifications," the indoor comfort criteria:
Summer: Temperature: 24-28 ° C Relative Humidity: 40-65% wind speed: 0.3m / s
Winter: Temperature: 18-22 ° C Relative Humidity: 40-60% wind speed: 0.2m / s
Comfort parameters are obtained through the human sensory test. To achieve comfortable conditions, must be considered in the design of a good air conditions (temperature, wind, etc.) and outlet design (location and wind speed, etc.), especially the wind conditions. The wind speed is above standards of comfort throughout the high-speed wide cross section of the abstract should be made in the main body of the air-conditioning return air area.
Members of the wall and the cold shock Guiji had the impression that it is because air wind speed, wind mixing zone in the human body, when air conditioning is equivalent to a cooling fan, in most cases, the body was cold and not feeling comfortable. Organs of the body under a lot of load regulation, long time adjustment disorders cause the body to produce cold air and even disease. Therefore not normally open air, sleeping without air conditioning and other statements, which actually functions as an ordinary air-conditioning is not enough or installation location is unreasonable. Air-conditioning should be people-oriented, air-conditioning installation should be designed well before, so in a comfortable environment at home most of the conditions,
The current arrangement of wall and Guiji be fit, function and other constraints, in most cases, only a cold source, is far from comfortable air-conditioned play a role.
